HIV and AIDS

This report presents guidelines for assessing quality, improvement, and accreditation in caring for persons with HIV. The report explains the rationale behind establishing guidelines, their uses, the purpose of accreditation, and the key principles of the accreditation framework. It lists the major categories of standards for HIV care, describes how the model standards were selected, and explains how to begin using the standards in an HIV care site or organization. The minimum set of standards to initiate antiretroviral therapy (ART) and proposed standards are provided.

This report focuses on the HIV/AIDS epidemic in the US and the work of the CDC’s division of HIV/AIDS prevention. It provides a brief history of the accomplishments since 1981, discusses the current status of the epidemic in the US and how CDC is responding, using surveillance data reported to CDC from the 25 states with long-standing HIV reporting. It looks back on the successes of HIV/AIDS prevention and presents future plans.

This monograph reports on key scientific, policy, social, ethical, and economic challenges and the ongoing research for a vaccine that would prevent HIV transmission.

This report discusses the association between stigma, discrimination, and human rights as they affect persons with HIV/AIDS. The report defines stigma and discrimination in different forms and contexts and presents case studies to illustrate twelve different approaches to reducing stigma.

This report provides information on the disproportionate rates of HIV infection and AIDS in Hispanics living in the US. The report is based on an analysis of HIV/AIDS cases diagnosed among Hispanic adults and adolescents living with HIV or AIDS in 50 states and the District of Columbia in 2005. HIV/AIDS cases include those with a diagnosis of HIV infection that have not progressed to AIDS, those with a diagnosis of HIV infection followed by a diagnosis of AIDS, and concurrent diagnoses of AIDS and HIV infection.

This report on migrant and seasonal farm workers (MSFWs) uses data from focus groups, a survey, and interviews of MSFWs and service providers conducted in New York state plus the references to describe the risk and inadequate access to testing and care that MSFWs face. It emphasizes issues relating to HIV/AIDS, barriers to accessing health care and related services, and common elements of successful MSFW programs. The data indicate that HIV/AIDS is escalating among MSFWs, and that immediate steps need to be taken to prevent devastating impact among the population and their families.

This report discusses the use of electronic record linkage to identify deaths that occurred during 2000-2005 among persons with AIDS who resided or were diagnosed in the District of Columbia (DC). This electronic record linkage was used to ascertain deaths annually as part of routine HIV/AIDS surveillance. Record linkage was achieved using Link Plus, a free program developed by CDC.

This report discusses the problem of the increase in the number of false-positive oral fluid reactive rapid tests in New York City. In January 2004, the city introduced on-site rapid HIV testing in STD clinics. This was replaced by oral fluid testing with the OraQuick Advance Rapid HIV-1/2 Antibody Test. In late 2005, an increase in the number of false-positive oral fluid tests occurred, but the increase subsided after several months.

This report is a manual containing antiretroviral treatment guidelines written in Spanish language for Latin America and the Caribbean.