HIV and AIDS

This report, based on a survey conducted in February 2010, highlights the legal environment for HIV testing, implementing HIV testing in health care settings, reimbursement, and barriers to HIV testing and evaluation.

This report discusses a study on HIV testing and diagnosis among adults in the United States, 2001-2009. CDC used 2001-2009 data from the National Health Interview Survey to calculate the percentage of persons aged 18-64 years who reported ever being tested for HIV in the United States. Also, data from the National HIV surveillance system were used to estimate numbers, percentages, and rates of HIV diagnoses; AIDS diagnoses; and late diagnoses of HIV infection for persons diagnosed with HIV infection during 2001-2008 and reported to CDC through June 2009.

This report summarizes results of an analysis of District of Columbia (DC) HIV case surveillance data, HIV testing data, and data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System to describe recent trends in HIV disease and testing. The DC Department of Health used HIV case surveillance data for residents of DC reported through December 31, 2009 to determine the number and percentage of adolescents and adults aged>12 years newly diagnosed with AIDS 2004-2008, overall and by race/ethnicity and sex.

This report describes HIV testing by the Rhode Island Department of Corrections (RIDOC) to assess HIV case identification, characterize HIV risk factors, and estimate the proportion of detainees who might not have been tested if testing had been delayed. Since 1991, RIDOC has offered testing routinely to every person admitted as part of the initial medical evaluation conducted within 24 hours of jail admission. Records of HIV testing of detainees during 2000-2007 were reviewed. About 102,229 tests were administered, and 169 detainees were diagnosed.

This report calculates the estimated lifetime risk (ELR) and age-conditional risk for diagnosis of HIV infection among Hispanics/Latinos in 37 states and Puerto Rico. The CDC analyzed HIV surveillance data, vital statistics data on general and HIV-specific mortality, and US Census data from 2007. Results indicate that an estimated 1.92 percent (one in 52) Hispanics/Latinos would be diagnosed with HIV during their lifetimes, compared with an ELR of .59 percent (one in 170) for whites, and 4.65 percent (one in 22) for blacks/African Americans.

This report provides statistics on annual hospitalizations estimated from hospital discharges during 1997–2007 with any listed HIV/AIDS diagnoses. From 1997-2007 a substantially higher rate of men than women aged greater than or equal to 45 years were hospitalized with a diagnosis of HIV/AIDS. Hospitalization rates for men in this age group increased from 7.7 per 10,000 in 1997 to 14.8 in 2007; rates for women in this age group increased from 1.9 per 10,000 in 1997 to 4.9 in 2007.

This report describes the first US case of transfusion-transmitted HIV infection reported to CDC since 2002. A blood center in Missouri discovered that blood components from a donation in November 2008 tested positive for HIV infection. A lookback investigation determined that this donor had last donated in June 2008, at which time he incorrectly reported no HIV risk factors, and his donation tested negative for the presence of HIV.

This monograph presents purchase specifications and procurement guidelines for male latex condoms to ensure the highest level of safety for high volume purchases to meet the needs of harsh environmental conditions and the probability of less than ideal storage conditions. It describes a systematic process to support the manufacture, prequalification, procurement, and distribution that can meet the needs of different populations.

This internet file of the 2010 annual report from the Arizona Department of Health Services contains sections in PDF and Power Point formats. Arizona county health information is also provided.

This information sheet discusses the use of the male latex condom to reduce the risk of sexually transmitted disease (STD) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission. The information sheet explains that the most reliable ways to avoid STDs and HIV is to abstain from sexual activity, or to be in a long-term mutually monogamous relationship with an uninfected partner. Since many persons are unaware of their infection, the consistent and correct use of a condom is recommended.