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MMWR: Recommendations for Prevention and Control of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Infection and HCV-Related Chronic Disease

This report discusses the hepatitis C virus (HCV), how it is treated, and how it can be prevented. The report examines the epidemiology of HCV. It discusses the screening tests, history, general treatment, and postexposure prophylaxis for HCV. The report explains the ways that HCV can be transmitted from person to person and how the virus can be spread through bodily fluid. It identifies the most serious high risk behaviors such as injection drug use and certain sexual practices. The report cites the risks associated with health care work.

MMWR: Recommendations for the Prevention and Control of Tuberculosis Among Foreign-Born Persons: Report of the Working Group on Tuberculosis Among Foreign-Born Persons

This report reviews the new CDC guidelines about TB screening for immigrants and the medical treatment of infected persons. Recent immigration trends and the epidemiology of TB among immigrants is examined. The report discusses the prioritization of TB case finding, screening, and preventive therapy for immigrants in the overall elimination of TB in the United States. It includes recommendations to improve epidemiologic reporting on the federal, state, and local levels for foreign-born persons in the US.

MMWR: Missed Opportunities for Prevention of Tuberculosis Among Persons With HIV Infection--Selected Locations, United States, 1996-1997

This study examined the clinic records of TB programs to determine whether these programs used recommended practices to manage HIV-positive persons exposed to TB. The study suggests that TB programs need to review their contact investigation policies, procedures, and outcomes to reduce missed opportunities for preventing active TB among HIV-positive close contacts.

MMWR: Update: Nucleic Acid Amplification Tests for Tuberculosis

This notice explains that on September 30, 1999, the Food and Drug Administration approved a reformulated amplified Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Direct (MTD) test for detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in acid-fast Bacille (AFB) smear-positive and smear-negative respiratory specimens from patients suspected of having TB.

Sexually Transmitted Diseases: Policies and Principles for Prevention and Care

This report discusses issues concerning the prevention and treatment of STDs. The report examines the significance of STDs in the transmission of HIV/AIDS, and the history of STD control. It explains the primary and secondary prevention practices for STDs. It provides information about access to STD care in the public and private sectors, categorical STD clinics, general health care structures, and referral services.

MMWR: Tuberculosis Outbreaks in Prison Housing Units for HIV-Infected Inmates - California, 1995-1996

This report describes the investigations of two TB outbreaks that occurred in two state correctional institutions with dedicated HIV housing units. In each outbreak, IS6110-based DNA fingerprinting of Mycobacterium (MTB) isolates linked all cases. During the 4-month intervals between identification of the two male index case-patients, one of whom later died of miliary TB, and chest radiograph screening of all the contacts remaining in the housing unit, 190 inmates had been released.

MMWR: Progress Toward the Elimination of Tuberculosis--United States, 1998

This report summarizes national surveillance TB data for 1998 and compares them with similar data from 1992. The report includes number of reported cases and the percentage change in number of cases and rates by state and year as well as by sex, age, and year for 1992 and 1998. Findings indicate that the number of TB cases has decreased and that trends in the number of reported cases and TB incidence varied by geographic area and population characteristics.

MMWR: Prevention of Hepatitis A Through Active or Passive Immunization: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP)

This report updates CDC's Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices' (ACIP) 1996 recommendations on the prevention of hepatitis A through immunization (MMWR 1996;45[RR-15].) and includes (1) new data about the epidemiology of hepatitis A; (2) recent findings about the effectiveness of community-based hepatitis A vaccination programs; and (3) recommendations for the routine vaccination of children in states, counties, and communities with rates that are twice the 1987-1997 national average or greater and consideration of routine vaccination of children in states, counties, and communities wi
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