STI

This monograph presents guidelines to (1) assist laboratorians, clinicians, and managers select screening tests for C. trachomatis or N. gonorrhoeae from the multiple available tests; (2) establish standard operating procedures for collecting, processing, and analyzing specimens; and (3) interpret test results for laboratory reporting, counseling, and treating patients. The monograph reviews the technologies available for laboratory diagnosis of c. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae.

This information sheet discusses the STD, gonorrhea. It lists the symptoms for men and women; transmission methods (e.g., perinatal transmission); the long-term consequences of untreated gonorrhea; its effect on pregnant women and their infants; prevention measures, including consistent and correct use of a latex condom during sex; and treatment. Contact information is provided for state and national STD services.

This monograph reports on updated syphilis surveillance guidelines for use in improving and developing syphilis surveillance techniques and making collection and reporting of syphilis surveillance data more uniform. The monograph discusses the purposes and uses of the two main components of syphilis surveillance: case reporting and prevalence monitoring. It also provides case definitions to be used for syphilis, reporting formats and intervals, and guidelines for provider-based and laboratory-based case reporting.

This report discusses the epidemiology of genital human papillomavirus (HPV) infection as well as its transmission and prevention. HPV is primarily transmitted by genital contact through sexual intercourse. The report discusses studies on reducing transmission by reducing the duration of infectiousness by treatment, reducing infectivity (condoms, microbicides), reducing the number of sex partners, and the development of vaccines that reduce susceptibility by stimulating the immune system.

This report discusses CDC research on evaluating the STD risk assessment, counseling, and education practices of US health care providers during routine adolescent check-ups, and provider opinions regarding methods to prevent HPV. CDC mailed surveys to 5,386 clinicians in seven specialties that commonly provide STD diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. Data were collected on clinician demographic, practice, and patient characteristics; STD risk assessment, counseling and education practices; and opinions regarding HPV infection prevention methods.

This report provides updated, integrated recommendations for partner services for HIV infection, as well as infection with syphilis, gonorrhea, and chlamydia. These updated recommendations replace the following publications: (1) Program Operations Guidelines for STD Prevention, CDC 2001; and (2) HIV Partner Counseling and Referral Services Guidance, CDC 1998. The updated recommendations serve as a basis for delivery of partner services and related training and technical assistance.

This information sheet discusses syphilis, an STD caused by a bacterium, among men who have sex with men (MSM). It describes the disease, its transmission, stages, symptoms, prevention, diagnosis, and treatment and provides statistics on the number of cases in the United States. The sheet also discusses the increase in syphilis among MSM as well as the high rates of HIV coinfection in MSM with syphilis, and explains how syphilis infection makes individuals more susceptible to acquiring or transmitting HIV.

This report presents statistics on screening for chlamydia, a bacterial sexually transmitted disease (STD) among young females who were participants in health plans in the United States from 2000-2007. To evaluate the rates of chlamydia screening of sexually active young women, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) analyzed data reported by commercial and Medicaid health plans to the Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set (HEDIS) during 2000-2007.

This report presents data for 2002-2007 on sexual and reproductive health of persons aged 10-24 years in the United States. Data were compiled from the National Vital Statistics System and multiple surveys and surveillance systems that monitor sexual and reproductive health outcomes. The report addresses three primary topics: (1) current levels of risk behavior and health outcomes; (2) disparities by sex, age, race/ethnicity, and geographic residence; and (3) trends over time.