STI

This report discusses issues concerning the prevention and treatment of STDs. The report examines the significance of STDs in the transmission of HIV/AIDS, and the history of STD control. It explains the primary and secondary prevention practices for STDs. It provides information about access to STD care in the public and private sectors, categorical STD clinics, general health care structures, and referral services.

This monograph is a guide to effective problem behavior prevention programs for at-risk youth. The monograph discusses the level and characteristics of adolescent risk-taking today, common elements of successful prevention programs along with an explanation of criteria used to evaluate programs, the challenges facing practitioners trying to replicate promising programs and suggestions for meeting those challenges, and a prevention readiness questionnaire. The monograph presents profiles of 51 prevention programs whose behavioral evaluations demonstrate their effectiveness.

This monograph presents guidelines to (1) assist laboratorians, clinicians, and managers select screening tests for C. trachomatis or N. gonorrhoeae from the multiple available tests; (2) establish standard operating procedures for collecting, processing, and analyzing specimens; and (3) interpret test results for laboratory reporting, counseling, and treating patients. The monograph reviews the technologies available for laboratory diagnosis of c. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae.

This information sheet discusses the STD, gonorrhea. It lists the symptoms for men and women; transmission methods (e.g., perinatal transmission); the long-term consequences of untreated gonorrhea; its effect on pregnant women and their infants; prevention measures, including consistent and correct use of a latex condom during sex; and treatment. Contact information is provided for state and national STD services.

This monograph reports on updated syphilis surveillance guidelines for use in improving and developing syphilis surveillance techniques and making collection and reporting of syphilis surveillance data more uniform. The monograph discusses the purposes and uses of the two main components of syphilis surveillance: case reporting and prevalence monitoring. It also provides case definitions to be used for syphilis, reporting formats and intervals, and guidelines for provider-based and laboratory-based case reporting.

This report discusses the epidemiology of genital human papillomavirus (HPV) infection as well as its transmission and prevention. HPV is primarily transmitted by genital contact through sexual intercourse. The report discusses studies on reducing transmission by reducing the duration of infectiousness by treatment, reducing infectivity (condoms, microbicides), reducing the number of sex partners, and the development of vaccines that reduce susceptibility by stimulating the immune system.

This report discusses CDC research on evaluating the STD risk assessment, counseling, and education practices of US health care providers during routine adolescent check-ups, and provider opinions regarding methods to prevent HPV. CDC mailed surveys to 5,386 clinicians in seven specialties that commonly provide STD diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. Data were collected on clinician demographic, practice, and patient characteristics; STD risk assessment, counseling and education practices; and opinions regarding HPV infection prevention methods.

This report provides updated, integrated recommendations for partner services for HIV infection, as well as infection with syphilis, gonorrhea, and chlamydia. These updated recommendations replace the following publications: (1) Program Operations Guidelines for STD Prevention, CDC 2001; and (2) HIV Partner Counseling and Referral Services Guidance, CDC 1998. The updated recommendations serve as a basis for delivery of partner services and related training and technical assistance.

This information sheet discusses syphilis, an STD caused by a bacterium, among men who have sex with men (MSM). It describes the disease, its transmission, stages, symptoms, prevention, diagnosis, and treatment and provides statistics on the number of cases in the United States. The sheet also discusses the increase in syphilis among MSM as well as the high rates of HIV coinfection in MSM with syphilis, and explains how syphilis infection makes individuals more susceptible to acquiring or transmitting HIV.