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Syringe Exchange Programs – United States, 2008

This study discusses information on the 184 syringe exchange programs (SEPs) operating in 36 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico. Of these SEPs, 67% completed a mail/telephone survey conducted by North American Syringe Exchange Network (NASEN) and Beth Israel Medical Center, New York, which covered program operations for 2008. The report summarizes findings from the survey and compares them with results from a previous SEP survey for 1994-2007.

Diabetes Mellitus and HIV

This visual file consists of 37 slides on the medical case management of diabetes mellitus and HIV. It explains the two types of diabetes, the class of HIV drugs that cause kidney problems or worsening of diabetes, the symptoms of peripheral neuropathy, and effective treatment. The online link can be found at http://aidsetc.org/aidsetc?page=etres-display&resource=etres-529.

Updated Guidelines for Using Interferon Gamma Release Assays to Detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection – United States, 2010

This serial presents updated guidelines to US public health officials, healthcare providers, and laboratory workers for use of FDA-approved interferon gamma release assays (IGRAs) to diagnose both active and latent TB infection in adults and children. These guidelines include use of the QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube Test (QFT-GIT) and the T-SPOT.TB Test (T-Spot), two new IGRAs that were not included in the previous guidelines published in 2005. The antigens, methods, and interpretation criteria for these assays differ from those for IGRAs approved previously.

Prevalence and Awareness of HIV Infection Among Men Who Have Sex With Men – 21 Cities, United States, 2008

This report summarizes CDC’s National HIV Behavioral Surveillance System (NHBS) data collected in 2008 from 21 metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) using an anonymous cross-sectional interview of men at venues where men who have sex with men (MSM) congregate. The data show that of 8,153 MSM interviewed and tested in the 21 MSAs participating in NHBS in 2008, HIV prevalence was 19 percent, with non-Hispanic blacks having the highest prevalence (28 percent), followed by Hispanics (18 percent), non-Hispanic whites (16 percent), and persons who were multiracial or of other race (17 percent).

MMWR: Racial/Ethnic Disparities Among Children with Diagnoses of Perinatal HIV Infection --- 34 States, 2004--2007

This report describes the most recent trends in diagnoses of perinatal HIV infection by race/ethnicity, by summarizing results of analyses of national surveillance data from 34 states from 2004-2007. During 2004-2007, 85 percent of diagnoses of perinatal HIV were in blacks or African Americans (69 percent) or Hispanics or Latinos (16 percent). The average annual rate of diagnoses of perinatal HIV during that time was 12.3 per 100,000 among blacks, 2.1 per 100,000 among Hispanics, and 0.5 per 100,000 among whites.