Viral Hepatitis

This report provides information on the National Immunization Survey (NIS) which estimated vaccination coverage among children aged 19-35 months for 50 states and selected local areas. It describes the 2008 NIS coverage estimates for the 4:3:1:3:3:1 series and individual vaccines, 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, =2 dose of Hepatitis A vaccine, and hepatitis B vaccine among children born during January 2005 - June 2007. Results demonstrate that the nation’s immunization program remained successful in maintaining high vaccination rates among young children.

This study discusses information on the 184 syringe exchange programs (SEPs) operating in 36 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico. Of these SEPs, 67% completed a mail/telephone survey conducted by North American Syringe Exchange Network (NASEN) and Beth Israel Medical Center, New York, which covered program operations for 2008. The report summarizes findings from the survey and compares them with results from a previous SEP survey for 1994-2007.

In this study, CDC reports on assessed hepatitis A vaccine coverage among children aged 12-23 months from 2006-2009, using data from eight Immunization Information System sentinel sites. Average hepatitis A vaccination coverage with =1 dose at the sites increased from 17 percent in 2006 to 47 percent in 2009. Average full vaccination coverage with =2 vaccine doses through age 23 months increased from one percent in 2006 to 15 percent in 2009. Vaccine coverage with =1 dose increased most during 2006 through the first quarter of 2007, then slowed.

This report describes CDC comparison of acute hepatitis C virus (HCV) surveillance data reported in 2008 from the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NNDS) and the Emerging Infections Program (EIP), which conducts enhanced surveillance for acute hepatitis C in selected states. Results show that 26 of 120 cases reported from EIP-funded sites were missing from NNDSS. Data on race and major HCV risk factors were missing from 22 percent and 60 percent of reports in NNDSS, compared with 8 percent and 25 percent of reports in EIP, respectively.

This report contains recommendations by the Committee on the Prevention and Control of Viral Hepatitis Infections of the National Academies of the Institute of Medicine, on prevention and control of hepatitis B and hepatitis C in the United States. The committee identified the underlying factors that impede current efforts to prevent and control these diseases.

This Power Point presentation contains 181 slides that provide guidelines for the prevention and control of TB in correctional facilities, as recommended by CDC.

This slide set is an audiovisual educational tool that explains the importance of getting babies vaccinated against hepatitis B. It discusses hepatitis transmission, testing for the pregnant woman to determine if she has hepatitis B, and routine hepatitis B vaccine for babies.

This report summarizes results of the California Department of Public Health (CDPH) Adult Hepatitis Vaccine Project (AHVP) for 2007-2008, in response to the CDC national initiative encouraging states to use existing federal funds to purchase adult hepatitis B vaccine. Data show that 28,824 doses of Hepatitis B vaccine were administered at 29 participating sites in the first 19 months of the AHVP, and 13 sites administered the vaccine for the first time.

This report provides the most recent population-based estimates of hepatocellular cancer (HCC) incidence rates and trends in the United States. The report summarizes the results of CDC analysis of data for the period 2001-2006 from CDC’s National Program of Cancer Registries and the National Cancer Institute’s Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results surveillance system, to determine trends in HCC incidence. Results determined that average annual incidence rate of HCC for 2001-2006 was 3.0 per 100,000 persons and increased from 2.7 per 100,000 in 2001 to 3.2 in 2006.

This information sheet discusses the viral infections Hepatitis A, Hepatitis B, and Hepatitis C, which cause liver disease. It describes the modes of transmission for each, the epidemiology of these diseases in the United States, the difference between acute and chronic disease as well as the symptoms, methods of diagnosis, and treatment. The information sheet explains the high risk of these diseases among gay and bisexual men and notes that experts recommend that gay and bisexual men should be tested for Hepatitis B and should be vaccinated for Hepatitis A and B.