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HIV and AIDS

Late HIV Testing - 34 States, 1996–2005

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This article discusses the problem of late HIV testing in the United States and emphasizes the importance of HIV testing, diagnosis, and treatment, soon after HIV infection and before developing AIDS, to prevent more severe illness and death and reduce HIV transmission. Findings are reported from a study in which CDC analyzed data from 1996 - 2005 from 34 states with confidential name-based reporting to determine the percentage of persons who received an AIDS diagnosis less than or equal to 3 years after receiving an HIV diagnosis.

HIV Testing Among High School Students - United States, 2007

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This article describes a study in which data were analyzed from the 2007 Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) to determine the extent to which adolescents are being tested for HIV. Results indicated that nationwide, 12.9 percent of all high school students had ever been tested for HIV. Testing increased with increasing grade level and decreased with increasing age at first sexual intercourse.

National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention: Annual Report Fiscal Year 2008

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This report from the National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention (NCHHSTP) describes its activities for the year 2008. It provides its history, mission, and key priorities, which are reducing health disparities, encouraging program collaboration and service integration, and maximizing global synergies. The report reviews program accomplishments and scientific findings for 2008 and provides a summary of the NCHHSTP budget showing where the funds were spent. The appendix explains the performance measures for NCHHSTP and the progress that is being made.

HIV Infection - Guangdong Province, China, 1997-2007

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This report presents data on persons infected with HIV in Guangdong Province in Southeastern China. A case-based surveillance system (CBSS) was used to collect data on persons infected with HIV, including demographic characteristics and transmission categories. With assistance from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the Guangdong Center for Disease Control analyzed the CBSS data for the period 1997-2007. Results indicate that the number of HIV cases increased from 102 in 1997 to 4,593 in 2007.

Investigation of Patients Treated by an HIV-Infected Cardiothoracic Surgeon - Israel, 2007

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This report describes the case of a cardiothoracic surgeon in Israel specializing in open-heart procedures who was found to be HIV-positive in January 2007, during evaluation for a fever of recent onset. The duration of infection was unknown. A review of the patients operated on by the infected surgeon during the preceding 10 years was conducted under the auspices of the Israel Ministry of Health to determine whether any surgeon-to-patient HIV transmission had occurred. Of 1,669 patients identified, 545 received serologic testing for HIV antibody. All results were negative.

Guidelines for Prevention and Treatment of Opportunistic Infections among HIV-Infected Children

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These guidelines are recommendations from CDC, the National Institutes of Health, the HIV Medicine Association of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society, and the American Academy of Pediatrics. It targets clinicians and provides guidelines for preventing and treating opportunistic infections (OIs) among HIV-infected children.

Guidelines for Prevention and Treatment of Opportunistic Infections in HIV-Infected Adults and Adolescents: Recommendations from CDC, the National Institutes of Health, and the HIV Medicine Association of the Infectious Diseases Society of America

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This MMWR issue updates and combines earlier guidelines (published 2002 and 2004) for the prevention and treatment of opportunistic infections (OIs) in adults and adolescents infected with HIV. The guidelines were developed by a panel of specialists from the United States government and academic institutions and are intended for use by clinicians and other health care providers, HIV-infected patients, and policy makers in the United States. They address OIs that occur in the United States and five OIs that might be acquired during international travel.

Diagnoses of HIV Infection and AIDS among Adolescents and Young Adults in the United States and 5 U.S. Dependent Areas, 2006–2009

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This report complements the 2009 HIV Surveillance Report by presenting additional data on persons 13-24 years old from the 45 areas (40 states and 5 US dependent areas) with confidential name-based HIV infection reporting since at least January 2006. It also includes the statistics reported to the CDC through 2009.

Syringe Exchange Programs – United States, 2008

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This study discusses information on the 184 syringe exchange programs (SEPs) operating in 36 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico. Of these SEPs, 67% completed a mail/telephone survey conducted by North American Syringe Exchange Network (NASEN) and Beth Israel Medical Center, New York, which covered program operations for 2008. The report summarizes findings from the survey and compares them with results from a previous SEP survey for 1994-2007.

Diabetes Mellitus and HIV

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This visual file consists of 37 slides on the medical case management of diabetes mellitus and HIV. It explains the two types of diabetes, the class of HIV drugs that cause kidney problems or worsening of diabetes, the symptoms of peripheral neuropathy, and effective treatment. The online link can be found at http://aidsetc.org/aidsetc?page=etres-display&resource=etres-529.