HIV/AIDS

This information sheet discusses how HIV/AIDS affects men who have sex with men (MSM), provides statistics on MSM infected with HIV and dying from AIDS, and the increase in sexual risk taking among MSM. It defines vaccine, and explains why a preventive HIV vaccine is needed, what is happening in preventive HIV vaccine research, the safety of the vaccines being tested in people, whether the research is being done right, who is doing the research, and where individuals can get more information on preventive HIV vaccine research.

This pamphlet discusses pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), a medical term for giving medicines that fight HIV to people who are not infected before they are in contact with the virus, to try and prevent infection. The pamphlet explains that this approach is being studied in clinical trials with injection drug users in Asia; men who have sex with men in the United States, Africa, Asia, and Latin America; and heterosexual men and women in Africa. Results of the trials will be available in late 2009 and 2010.

This monograph is a guide for assessing linkages that can be used as needed in regional or national contexts. It covers a broad range of linkages issues such as policy, systems, and services. It is meant to assess HIV and sexual and reproductive health bi-directional linkages at the policy, system, and service-delivery levels. It is intended to identify gaps and thus contribute to the development of country-specific action plans to create and strengthen these linkages.

This report provides a global update on the progress in scaling up priority health sector interventions for HIV prevention, treatment, and care in 2008 toward a goal of universal access. Of 192 United Nations member states, 158 reported data to WHO, UNICEF, and UNAIDS, including 139 low-and middle-income and 19 high-income countries, with higher reporting rates for many indicators, compared with 2007. This allowed for more comprehensive global analysis of the health sector’s achievements toward universal access to HIV prevention, treatment, and care.

This report updates and combines earlier versions of guidelines for preventing and treating opportunistic infections (OIs) among HIV-exposed and infected children. The guidelines discuss opportunistic pathogens that occur in the United States, including one that might be acquired during international travel.

This report describes the HIV epidemic in Puerto Rico in 2006. The Puerto Rico Department of Health and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) analyzed data on diagnoses of HIV infection, including infections that occurred in 2006 and in previous years, and used a stratified extrapolation approach developed by CDC to generate HIV incidence estimates. Results indicate that in 2006, an estimated 1,440 individuals aged 13 years or older were newly infected with HIV.

This report presents data from the National HIV Behavioral Surveillance System (NHBS) collected during May 2005-February 2006 and analyzed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The report is based on interviews conducted with injecting drug users (IDUs) in 23 metropolitan statistical areas. Data on eight selected HIV-associated behaviors were analyzed.

This report presents data for 2002-2007 on sexual and reproductive health of persons aged 10-24 years in the United States. Data were compiled from the National Vital Statistics System and multiple surveys and surveillance systems that monitor sexual and reproductive health outcomes. The report addresses three primary topics: (1) current levels of risk behavior and health outcomes; (2) disparities by sex, age, race/ethnicity, and geographic residence; and (3) trends over time.

This report summarizes results of a survey of 29 black 17-25 year-old men who have sex with men (MSM) who were diagnosed with HIV infection during January 2006-April 2008 in the three-county Jackson Mississippi area. The survey was conducted by the Mississippi State Department of Health and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The study examined risk behavior and HIV testing behavior of the participants.

This report is based on data from a household survey from 21 sub-Saharan African countries. The study examined trends in orphanhood and living arrangements and the links between the two. The extent to which orphan rates are associated with these trends is investigated and whether there is a tendency for orphaned children in countries with high and increasing orphan rates to live with more distant relatives, evidence that would support the claim that rising orphan rates are placing pressure on the extended family.