HIV/AIDS

This report presents estimated numbers of cases of diagnosed HIV/AIDS from the 39 areas (34 states and five US dependent areas) with confidential name-based HIV infection reporting since at least 2003. It also includes the following statistics reported to the CDC through 2007: (1) cases of HIV/AIDS, HIV incidence, and cases of AIDS; (2) deaths; (3) persons living with HIV/AIDS, HIV infection (not AIDS), or AIDS; (4) survival after AIDS diagnosis, and (5) reports of cases of HIV Infection (not AIDS), AIDS, and HIV/AIDS reported through 2007.

This report summarizes results of a survey of 29 black 17-25 year-old men who have sex with men (MSM) who were diagnosed with HIV infection during January 2006-April 2008 in the three-county Jackson Mississippi area. The survey was conducted by the Mississippi State Department of Health and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The study examined risk behavior and HIV testing behavior of the participants.

This report is based on data from a household survey from 21 sub-Saharan African countries. The study examined trends in orphanhood and living arrangements and the links between the two. The extent to which orphan rates are associated with these trends is investigated and whether there is a tendency for orphaned children in countries with high and increasing orphan rates to live with more distant relatives, evidence that would support the claim that rising orphan rates are placing pressure on the extended family.

This report is a manual on antiretroviral treatment and care of HIV infected patients in African settings. This second version of the manual was written by a team of doctors and researchers in France. It provides concise updated information on types of antiretroviral drugs, post-exposure prophylaxis, treatment recommendations, infant formulations, generics, and treatment of opportunistic infections.

This report discusses the medical approach to treating people with acute human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection (AHI), a highly infectious phase of the disease, in New York City. It explains that AHI contributes to HIV transmission, as it is associated with a high level of viremia, although antibody tests may be negative or indeterminate.

In this report, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) analyzed data from the national notifiable disease reporting system for 2004-2007 from the 34 states with confidential name-based HIV reporting since 2003. Data represent injecting drug users (IDUs) who received a new diagnosis of HIV infection, regardless of when the infection was acquired and excluding IDUs categorized as men who have sex with men. Number and percentage of IDUs who were diagnosed with HIV were estimated by sex, age, race/ethnicity, and area of residence at the time of diagnosis.

This report in the form of a journal article discusses the high incidence of HIV/AIDS among Blacks in the United States and the efforts of CDC to address it. CDC initiated a variety of activities to (1) better understand the factors that drive the HIV/AIDS epidemic among Blacks in the United States, (2) expand HIV testing and access to HIV treatment, (3) develop new interventions and scale up the availability of effective interventions, and (4) mobilize Black communities to combat the HIV/AIDS crisis facing them.

This report presents a summary of the findings and recommendations of the External Peer Review (EPR) process of CDC's Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention (DHAP) HIV Prevention Activities. The review consisted of convening 73 experts from state and local governments, national partner organizations, academia, community-based organizations, and risk population stakeholders from different parts of the country. These experts had experience in HIV prevention and familiarity with DHAP’s intramural and extramural activities. They examined DHAP’s HIV prevention activities.

This article discusses the problem of late HIV testing in the United States and emphasizes the importance of HIV testing, diagnosis, and treatment, soon after HIV infection and before developing AIDS, to prevent more severe illness and death and reduce HIV transmission. Findings are reported from a study in which CDC analyzed data from 1996 - 2005 from 34 states with confidential name-based reporting to determine the percentage of persons who received an AIDS diagnosis less than or equal to 3 years after receiving an HIV diagnosis.

This article describes a study in which data were analyzed from the 2007 Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) to determine the extent to which adolescents are being tested for HIV. Results indicated that nationwide, 12.9 percent of all high school students had ever been tested for HIV. Testing increased with increasing grade level and decreased with increasing age at first sexual intercourse.