TB

This report is the annual compilation of data from World Health Organization’s (WHO) 193 member states. It provides a summary of the current status of national health and health systems, including mortality and burden of disease, causes of death, reported infectious diseases, health service coverage, risk factors, health systems resources, health expenditures, inequities, and demographic and socioeconomic statistics.

This report describes the investigation of a genotype cluster of eight tuberculosis cases in US born patients in the Detroit metropolitan area. The investigation was done by the Detroit Department of Health and Wellness Promotion, the Michigan Department of Community Health, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The first case was reported in a patient with drug-susceptible TB, who subsequently developed multidrug-resistant TB (MDR TB). Seven additional cases were reported in patients with TB genotypes matching that of the index patient.

This report on the uses of nucleic acid amplification (NAA) tests for diagnosis of TB is based on contributions of an expert panel of consultants convened by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the Association of Public Health Laboratories (APHL).

This report describes a study that determined whether differences in national trends in tuberculosis (TB) incidence are attributable to the variable success of control programs or to biological, social, and economic factors. Trends in case notifications were used as a measure of trends in incidence in 135 countries from 1997-2006, and regression analysis was used to explore the associations between these trends and 32 measures covering aspects of development, the economy, the population, behavioral and biological risk factors, health services, and TB control.

This report provides data on the mortality among patients with TB and associations with HIV infection. To investigate the impact of HIV on risk for death during TB treatment in the United States, data were analyzed for all culture-positive patients with TB from 1993 to 2008. The proportion that died was determined and stratified by HIV test result. Mortality data were restricted to patients reported before 2007.

This serial presents updated guidelines to US public health officials, healthcare providers, and laboratory workers for use of FDA-approved interferon gamma release assays (IGRAs) to diagnose both active and latent TB infection in adults and children. These guidelines include use of the QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube Test (QFT-GIT) and the T-SPOT.TB Test (T-Spot), two new IGRAs that were not included in the previous guidelines published in 2005. The antigens, methods, and interpretation criteria for these assays differ from those for IGRAs approved previously.

This report presents results from the U.S. National TB Surveillance System for 2009. It states that 11,540 TB cases were reported in the United States in 2009, for a rate of 3.8 cases per 100,000 population. This was a decrease of 11.4 percent from the rate of 4.2 per 100,000 reported in 2008. Also, this was the lowest recorded rate since the beginning of national TB surveillance in 1953, and the greatest single-year decrease ever recorded.

This report discusses the results from the National TB Surveillance System for 2009. A total of 11,540 TB cases were reported in the United States for a TB rate of 3.8 cases per 100,000 population. This was a decrease of 11.4 percent from the rate of 4.2 per 100,000 reported for 2008. This rate was the greatest single-year decrease ever recorded and the lowest recorded rate since national TB surveillance began in 1953.

This report summarizes the National Tuberculosis Indicators Project (NTIP) results from 2002-2008, the most recent five-year period for which data are available. NTIP is a secure, web-based monitoring system that uses routinely collected surveillance data on individual TB cases to measure performance of state and local TB programs, help programs prioritize improvement efforts and focus on key TB control activities, and track progress toward national program objectives. Results show that TB program performance was mixed for this period.

This report discusses the CDC launch of the TB Genotyping Information Management System (TB GIMS), to improve dissemination of data to state and local health officers, including TB controllers. TB GIMS builds upon the established infrastructure of CDC’s National Tuberculosis Surveillance System (NTSS) and incorporates genotype data to create a centralized database and reporting system of patient-level results to generate local and national TB cluster-level reports, tables, and maps.