TB

This report summarizes the external consultation on appropriate key short - and long-term priorities for addressing social determinants of HIV/AIDS, viral hepatitis, sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), and tuberculosis (TB) for the National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD and TB Prevention (NCHHSTP) to undertake.

This report describes the investigation of a genotype cluster of eight tuberculosis cases in US born patients in the Detroit metropolitan area. The investigation was done by the Detroit Department of Health and Wellness Promotion, the Michigan Department of Community Health, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The first case was reported in a patient with drug-susceptible TB, who subsequently developed multidrug-resistant TB (MDR TB). Seven additional cases were reported in patients with TB genotypes matching that of the index patient.

This report presents the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) updated recommendations on the use of nucleic acid amplification tests (NAA) for TB diagnosis. These revised guidelines were developed on the basis of a report by a panel of clinicians, laboratorians, and TB control officials. The panel was convened by CDC and the Association of Public Health Laboratories (APHL) and in consultation with the Advisory Council for the Elimination of TB (ACET).

This report on the uses of nucleic acid amplification (NAA) tests for diagnosis of TB is based on contributions of an expert panel of consultants convened by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the Association of Public Health Laboratories (APHL).

This report describes a study that determined whether differences in national trends in tuberculosis (TB) incidence are attributable to the variable success of control programs or to biological, social, and economic factors. Trends in case notifications were used as a measure of trends in incidence in 135 countries from 1997-2006, and regression analysis was used to explore the associations between these trends and 32 measures covering aspects of development, the economy, the population, behavioral and biological risk factors, health services, and TB control.

This report provides information on the meeting “From Mekong to Bali: The Scale-up of TB/HIV Collaborative Activities in Asia Pacific,” which was organized by the World Health Organization (WHO) in collaboration with the TB/HIV Working Group of the Stop TB Partnership. There were 127 participants from 18 countries and participants from all the countries with high TB and HIV burdens. Participants described experiences and best practices. The report summarizes key outcomes, conclusions, and recommendations for scale-up of TB/HIV activities in Asia-Pacific.

This report from the National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention (NCHHSTP) describes its activities for the year 2008. It provides its history, mission, and key priorities, which are reducing health disparities, encouraging program collaboration and service integration, and maximizing global synergies. The report reviews program accomplishments and scientific findings for 2008 and provides a summary of the NCHHSTP budget showing where the funds were spent. The appendix explains the performance measures for NCHHSTP and the progress that is being made.

This report provides data on the mortality among patients with TB and associations with HIV infection. To investigate the impact of HIV on risk for death during TB treatment in the United States, data were analyzed for all culture-positive patients with TB from 1993 to 2008. The proportion that died was determined and stratified by HIV test result. Mortality data were restricted to patients reported before 2007.

This serial presents updated guidelines to US public health officials, healthcare providers, and laboratory workers for use of FDA-approved interferon gamma release assays (IGRAs) to diagnose both active and latent TB infection in adults and children. These guidelines include use of the QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube Test (QFT-GIT) and the T-SPOT.TB Test (T-Spot), two new IGRAs that were not included in the previous guidelines published in 2005. The antigens, methods, and interpretation criteria for these assays differ from those for IGRAs approved previously.

This report presents results from the U.S. National TB Surveillance System for 2009. It states that 11,540 TB cases were reported in the United States in 2009, for a rate of 3.8 cases per 100,000 population. This was a decrease of 11.4 percent from the rate of 4.2 per 100,000 reported in 2008. Also, this was the lowest recorded rate since the beginning of national TB surveillance in 1953, and the greatest single-year decrease ever recorded.