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Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,National Center for HIV Viral Hepatitis STD and TB Prevention

MMWR: Vital Signs: HIV Infection, Testing, and Risk Behaviors Among Youths - United States

In this report, the CDC used the National HIV Surveillance System data to estimate among youths, prevalence rates of diagnosed HIV infection in 2009 and the number of new infections in 2010. CDC used the 2009 and 2010 Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System for 9th -12th grade students and the 2010 National Health Interview Survey for persons 18-24 years. Prevalence of diagnosed HIV was 69.5 per 100,000 youths at the end of 2009. Youth accounted for 12,200 (25.7 percent) new HIV infections in 2010.

Surveillance Brief: Terms, Definitions, and Calculations Used in CDC HIV Surveillance Publications

This information sheet explains terms, definitions, and methods of calculation used in HIV surveillance data, and the uses of these data. It defines unadjusted data, adjusted (estimated) data, AIDS diagnoses and deaths of persons with an AIDS diagnoses, and diagnoses of HIV infection and deaths of persons with a diagnosis of HIV infection. It also defines HIV incidence, persons living with a diagnosis of HIV infection or AIDS, incidence rate, prevalence rate, stage of disease, and transmission category.

Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR TB)

This information sheet discusses multidrug-resistant TB (MDR TB), a strain of TB that is resistant to at least two of the best anti-TB drugs, isoniazid and rifampicin. It describes TB disease, MDR TB, extensively drug resistant TB (XDR TB), TB transmission, how drug resistance happens, and who is at risk for getting MDR TB. The information sheet also explains how MDR TB can be prevented, TB vaccine, the symptoms of TB disease, and what an individual should do after being exposed to someone with TB.

Infection Control in Health-Care Settings

This information sheet discusses infection control measures for health care settings to ensure prompt detection, take airborne precautions, and treat persons with suspected or diagnosed tuberculosis infection. It suggests that policies and procedures for TB control should be developed, reviewed periodically, and evaluated to minimize transmission risk.

Tuberculosis Information for International Travelers

This information sheet discusses TB and the risk for international travelers. It explains TB transmission, multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) strains of the disease, and how drug resistance occurs. The information sheet considers whether international travelers are at risk of MDR or XDR TB while traveling, the risk of acquiring TB on an airplane, how TB can be prevented, TB vaccine, and what an individual should do before traveling internationally and if an individual thinks that he/she may have been exposed to someone with TB disease.

Eliminacion de la TB: Informacion Sobre la Tuberculosis Para los Viajeros Internacionales

This information sheet discusses TB and the risk for international travelers. It explains TB transmission, multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) strains of the disease, and how drug resistance occurs. The information sheet considers whether international travelers are at risk of MDR or XDR TB while traveling, the risk of acquiring TB on an airplane, how TB can be prevented, TB vaccine, and what an individual should do before traveling internationally and if an individual thinks that he/she may have been exposed to someone with TB disease.

Tuberculosis Information for Employers in Non-Healthcare Settings

This information sheet explains TB for employers in non-healthcare settings. It describes TB disease, latent TB infection (LTBI), active TB, how it is determined whether a patient has active TB or LTBI, the symptoms of TB, what one should do if an employee reports having positive TB or has been in contact with someone with TB, and what happens after the employer contacts the local or state TB program.

The ABCs of Hepatitis

This information sheet presents facts about viral hepatitis in tabular format. It discusses hepatitis A, B, and C. It lists statistics; routes of transmission; persons at risk; incubation period; symptoms of acute infection; the likelihood of symptomatic acute infection; the potential for chronic infection; the severity; serologic tests for acute and chronic infection; screening recommendations for chronic infection; treatment; vaccination recommendations and schedule, if any; and testing recommendations.