This report consolidates previous recommendations and adds new ones for preventing and controlling infections with hepatitis viruses among inmates and workers in correctional facilities. The recommendations provide guidelines for juvenile and adult correctional systems regarding (1) identification and investigation of acute viral hepatitis, (2) pre-exposure and postexposure immunization for hepatitis A and B, (3) prevention of hepatitis C virus infection and its consequences, (4) health education, and (5) release planning.

This report presents guidelines for identifying persons with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. It recommends that testing for anti-HCV should include the use of an antibody screening assay, and for screening test-positive results, a more specific supplemental assay. The guidelines expand recommendations for anti-HCV testing to include an option for reflex supplemental testing, based on screening-test-positive signal-to-cut-off ratios.

This report presents recommendations for preventing and controlling infectious diseases and managing personnel health and safety concerns and infection control in dental care settings. The report updates and revises previous CDC recommendations and incorporates infection-control measures.

This report offers guidance and practical tips to clinicians, laboratorians, hospital administrators and policy makers who are planning and implementing a program for HIV testing during labor and delivery for women of unknown HIV status. It also provides the general structure of a model rapid HIV testing protocol that can be adapted by staff at facilities that seek to implement rapid testing during labor and delivery.

This report describes the progress toward “3 by 5,” the target that 3 million persons with HIV in developing and transitional countries would be receiving antiretroviral (ARV) therapy by 2005. The report provides measures of progress made by the following countries: Botswana, Cambodia, Cameroon, Haiti, Mozambique, Thailand, and Zambia with support from international partners. It examines how the ARV therapy programs are being structured, the challenges faced by some countries, and how the countries are adapting.

This monograph presents a comprehensive description of all aspects of a vaccination program from assessing vaccine indications and contraindications to determining billing codes. It's a guide for health care workers who interact with adolescents or adults in a variety of health care settings. The guide provides materials to help initiate adult immunization services in the health-care setting or improve already existing services.

This guide if for use in the evaluation of TB contact investigation in a congregate setting (CICS), such as workplaces, shelters, schools, and places of worship. It is meant to help public health departments, or other TB programs, efficiently investigate everyone who may have come in contact with a person infected with TB and may be at risk.

This policy paper discusses "debt swaps" as a way of funding the expansion of HIV/AIDS programs for countries that have problems paying or are unable to pay their external debt. The paper presents definitions and categories of swaps such as debt for equity swaps, debt buy-backs, debt-for-nature swaps, and debt for development swaps. It also discusses advantages and disadvantages of debt swaps, and provides information on the use of debt swaps by low-income countries severely affected by HIV/AIDS in order to scale up their HIV/AIDS programs.

This monograph is a toolkit for planning and implementing antiretroviral (ARV) treatment programs in resource-limited settings by providing technical guidance on planning treatment programs. It lists the goals of an ARV treatment program as reducing illnesses and death due to HIV/AIDS, providing safe and effective treatment, working towards providing universal access to treatment, making the best possible use of resources, and integrating ARV treatment with other public health resources.

This monograph is a toolkit for planning and implementing antiretroviral (ARV) treatment programs in resource-limited settings by providing technical guidance on planning treatment programs. It lists the goals of an ARV treatment program as reducing illnesses and death due to HIV/AIDS, providing safe and effective treatment, working towards providing universal access to treatment, making the best possible use of resources, and integrating ARV treatment with other public health resources.