TB

This report summarizes an epidemiologic investigation of TB by hospital infection control, infectious disease, and employee services staff at a New York hospital. It presents information on 32 inpatients, diagnosed during January 1991 to March 1992 with multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium TB (MDR-TB). Of this group, 91 percent died; all were seropositive for HIV. The report also includes information provided by 21 health care workers (HCWs) regularly assigned to the HIV inpatient unit.

This report discusses the attempts by two states, New York and South Carolina, to improve patient adherence to anti-TB therapy during 1986-1991 using a combination of strategies. Both states used a combination of strategies: incentives, directly observed therapy (DOT), court-ordered DOT, and commitment to a secured, long-term care facility. The report provides recommendations for local and state health departments to increase completion rates of anti-TB therapy.

This report provides updated uniform criteria for use by public health professionals when reporting the nationally notifiable infectious diseases listed in Part One of this report. A revision date is included for case definitions that have been revised. The case definitions for some infectious conditions not designated as nationally notifiable are included in Part Two of this report.

This technical update reviews the incidence and prevalence of HIV in correctional facilities around the world and explains how this morbidity rate impacts the general public. The risk factors for HIV transmission in correctional facilities are reviewed and include drug injection, unprotected sexual relations, tattooing, skin piercing, blood brotherhood rites, lack of education, TB, and overcrowding. Suggestions for preventing the transmission of HIV in correctional settings are presented.

This report summarizes potential uses of nucleic acid amplification (NAA) tests such as the Amplified Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Direct Test (MTD) for TB diagnosis and provides interim guidelines for the use of such tests. The report lists the current NAA tests, their FDA approved uses, their non-approved indications also known as off-label uses, limitations, and cautions.

This report summarizes findings of the epidemiologic study conducted by health departments in the four US states bordering Mexico (Arizona, California, New Mexico, and Texas) to characterize patterns of immigration and migration among foreign-born Hispanic patients with TB and their behaviors in seeking health care. The 181 consenting Hispanic patients under treatment for TB during October 1, 1995 to January 5, 1996, completed a standardized questionnaire and additional data were obtained from medical charts and laboratory reports.

This report describes approaches for managing patients with TB who are candidates for or who are undergoing protease inhibitor therapy and presents interim recommendations for managing these patients until additional data are available and formal guidelines are issued. Protease inhibitors interact with rifamycin derivatives, which are used to treat and prevent the mycobacterial infections commonly observed in patients with the HIV. The report provides background information on the management of TB and the three treatment options currently available for these patients.

This report summarizes CDC and State health departments investigations and provides guidance about notification of passengers and flight crew after exposure to TB during travel on commercial aircrafts. From January 1993 through February 1995, CDC and State health departments completed an investigation of six instances in which passengers or flight crew traveled on commercial aircraft while infectious with TB.

This book describes exposure, infection, disease, and death from TB using epidemiological data. It reviews statistics, including the number of TB cases, the duration of infection in these cases, and the number of case contact interactions per unit of time.

This book presents information about implementing, maintaining, and evaluating respirator protection programs in health care facilities.