Health Professionals

This report examines how children become infected with HIV, how infection can be prevented in children, and ways of reducing the impact of HIV. The report discusses statistics and data concerning pediatric HIV/AIDS, transmission; prevention, including health education and prevention of HIV in women of childbearing age and of unintended pregnancies in HIV-positive women and women at risk; and treatment.

This report describes the most recent trends in diagnoses of perinatal HIV infection by race/ethnicity, by summarizing results of analyses of national surveillance data from 34 states from 2004-2007. During 2004-2007, 85 percent of diagnoses of perinatal HIV were in blacks or African Americans (69 percent) or Hispanics or Latinos (16 percent). The average annual rate of diagnoses of perinatal HIV during that time was 12.3 per 100,000 among blacks, 2.1 per 100,000 among Hispanics, and 0.5 per 100,000 among whites.

This information sheet lists policies and procedures for use by prenatal care providers to prevent mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B. It provides seven procedures to be followed if a pregnant woman tests positive for hepatitis B, and provides four procedures for a pregnant woman with a negative test result, including repeat testing for at-risk persons upon admission to labor and delivery.