HIV and AIDS

This pamphlet provides general information about HIV/AIDS. The pamphlet states that Native Americans must learn about HIV and be prepared to protect future generations to mitigate the impact of this pandemic on their communities. Factors that can increase individuals' risks for HIV transmission include substance abuse and needle sharing for tattoos or body piercing. The pamphlet concludes that perhaps the most important steps that Native Americans can take to prevent HIV/AIDS in their communities are to learn about HIV/AIDS, share this information with their children, and get tested for HIV.

This report focuses on the social determinants of health (SDH) and its crossover to HIV rates in the United States from 2005-2009. It explains that SDH refers to the overlapping social structures and economic systems that are responsible for most health inequities. Thirteen tables break down rates of HIV diagnoses by indicators such as sex, age, area of residence, race, and transmission category.

This surveillance supplemental report complements the 2010 HIV Surveillance Report by presenting data on diagnoses of HIV infection during 2010 and persons living with a diagnosis of HIV infection at year-end 2009 for adults and adolescents aged 13 years and older residing in metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) in the United States and Puerto Rico. The report presents the unadjusted number, estimated number, and estimated rate of diagnoses of HIV during 2010 and of persons living with a diagnosis of HIV as of December 31, 2009. Data are presented by MSA of residence at diagnosis.

This report updates US Public Health Service recommendations for the management of health-care personnel (HCP) who have occupational exposure to blood and/or other body fluids that might contain HIV. The principles of exposure management remain unchanged, but recommended HIV postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) regimens and the duration of HIV follow-up testing for exposed personnel have been updated.

This report summarizes results from the second National HIV Behavioral Surveillance System (NHBS) data collection cycle among injecting drug users (IDUs) – NHBS-IDU2– which was conducted during June–December 2009. The report provides unweighted data that can be used to describe the prevalence of HIV infection among IDUs and the percentage of IDUs reporting specific risk behaviors, HIV testing, and participation in prevention programs.

This report focuses on the social determinants of health (SDH) and its crossover to HIV rates in the United States. It explains that SDH refers to the overlapping social structures and economic systems that are responsible for most health inequities. Twelve tables break down rates of HIV diagnoses by indicators such as sex, age, area of residence, race, and transmission category. This report limits the data to adults older 18 and older to more accurately represent the population from which the SDH indicator variables were collected by the US Census Bureau’s American Community Survey (ACS).

This report describes novel HIV screening programs at the Urban Health Plan (UHP), Inc. in New York City and the Interim Louisiana Hospital (ILH) emergency department in New Orleans. Both received startup funding from Gilead Sciences’ HIV on the Frontlines of Communities in the United States (FOCUS) program to implement routine HIV screening. Both programs identified previously undiagnosed HIV infections. Use of the new testing algorithm allowed the New Orleans program to identify antibody-negative acute infections in five (6%) of the 77 patients with newly diagnosed HIV.

This report describes a case of HIV transmission through sexual contact between an infected woman and her previously uninfected female sex partner. The Houston Department of Health reported the case to CDC in August 2012. The case was investigated and laboratory testing confirmed that the virus that infected the newly-diagnosed woman was identical to that of her female partner who had stopped receiving antiretroviral therapy in 2010. The report describes the case of HIV infection acquired during a six-month monogamous relationship.

This report is a literature review of existing models, practices, and HIV prevention interventions for Hispanic or Latino migrant communities so that HIV prevention strategies along the southern border states can be updated and implemented.

This report summarizes findings of a community-based organization in New York City that evaluated and demonstrated efficacy of the Many Men, Many Voices HIV/STD prevention intervention to reduce sexual risk behaviors and increase protective behaviors among black men who have sex with men (MSM). The intervention focuses on social determinants of health that can influence health and well-being of black MSM at high risk for HIV infection. The report also highlights CDC’s efforts to disseminate this evidence- based behavioral intervention across the United States.